Background: To evaluate short-term changes in pain and disability, procedure-related adverse events, and subsequent interventions, after a single therapeutic fluoroscopy-guided transforaminal selective nerve-root block (SNRB) in patients with single-level unilateral lumbar disc prolapse.

Methods: In this prospective observational study, 38 patients aged 18–50 with MRI-confirmed single-level lumbar disc prolapse and unilateral radiculopathy received a single fluoroscopy-guided transforaminal SNRB targeting the symptomatic nerve root (80 mg triamcinolone acetonide and 1 mL 0.5% bupivacaine) after ≥3 weeks of failed conservative care. Pain (VAS) and disability (ODI) were evaluated at baseline, 3 weeks, and 3 months alongside adverse events, repeat injections, and emergency surgery.

Result: Mean VAS decreased from 8.05 ± 0.61 at baseline to 2.74 ± 0.79 at three weeks and 1.66 ± 0.91 at three months. Mean ODI decreased from 67.87 ± 9.52% to 26.70 ± 6.85% and 13.14 ± 9.66% at the corresponding follow-ups. Changes across time were statistically significant for both outcomes (p < 0.001). Three-month improvement did not differ significantly by sex or disc level. No immediate or delayed procedure-related adverse event was recorded, and no participant required a repeat injection or emergency surgery during the three-month follow-up.

Conclusion: A single therapeutic transforaminal SNRB was associated with substantial short-term reductions in pain and disability. The findings do not establish comparative efficacy or procedural safety and require confirmation in larger controlled studies.

Keywords: Injections, Epidural, Intervertebral Disc Displacement, Radiculopathy, Lumbar Vertebrae, Pain Measurement, Triamcinolone Acetonide